The European Court of Justice and its Interlocutors Essay -- policies,

Member state governments of the European Community began with a fundamental role in making EC policies and standards barely throughout the 1960s and 1970s the European Court of jurist gradually began to expand its role and developed an unprecedented regime comparable to the constitutional shape of a federal state. The ECJ permitted itself to decide on matters traditionally considered to be the exclusive competence of member states including social policy, gender equality and competition policy. Remarkably, the majority of home(a) courts and governments of the member states have conformed to ECJ rulings and have harmoniously surrendered their jurisdiction over key policy areas deferring to the ECJs authority. Consequently, the member states have struggled to enjoy international legal analogue of compliance in their relationship with the ECJ and commentators such as Weiler J.A have labelled the process a quiet revolution. It is necessary to address the means and opportunities the Court of Justice employed in order to inaugurate itself as a superior court to that of the members. In pursuance of this objective, it should be borne in mind whether member states want ECJ supremacy and thus voluntarily handed the ECJ their competences or whether a competence creep materialised, gradually increasing the superiority of the ECJ. The answer is not easily decipher ample EU scholars have proposed explanations for the apparent gift of superiority. Neo-functionalists notably argue that the early choice of national governments to place determined areas within the power of European institutions produced pressure to extend the powers of these institutions to further policy areas. The phrase functional spill-over was coined by ... ...man, and Heiner Schulz. 1998. The European Court of Justice, National Governments, and Legal Integration in the European Union. outside(a) Organization 52 (1)292 Neill Nugent. 2006. The Government and Politics of the European Union, Sixth Edition. Durham Duke University Press 292. Nugent 2006 291 Weiler, J.A. (1994) A Quiet Revolution The European Court of Justice and its Interlocutors house A. Pollack. 2005. Theorizing EU Policy-Making. In Policy-Making in the European Union, 5th edition, edited by Helen Wallace, William Wallace, and Mark A. Pollack. Oxford Oxford University Press 15. Andrew Moravscik. April 2005. The European Constitutional Compromise and the Neofunctionalist Legacy. Journal of European Public Policy 12 (2) 350. Martha Finnemore. 1996. National Interests in International Society. Ithaca Cornell University Press 5.